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	<title>Na-Prod.com</title>
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	<description>Open Computing for Geeks</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Fri, 26 Aug 2011 07:40:21 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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		<item>
		<title>CVE-2011-3192 pour Apache2 : mod_rangecnt + fail2ban</title>
		<link>http://www.na-prod.com/2011/08/26/cve-2011-3192/#utm_source=feed&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=feed</link>
		<comments>http://www.na-prod.com/2011/08/26/cve-2011-3192/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 26 Aug 2011 07:40:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Neil Armstrong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Technique]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[apache]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[CVE-2011-3192]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fail2ban]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mod_rangecnt]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.na-prod.com/?p=123</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Un bug sur le champ Range à été découvert entrainant un chute du serveur par epuisement des ressources du serveur ! Un peu d&#8217;infos : apache.org Une solution a vite été trouvée : compter le nombre d&#8217;arguments de Range et refuser s&#8217;il y en a plus que 5 ! En association avec fail2ban, il est [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Un bug sur le champ Range à été découvert entrainant un chute du serveur par epuisement des ressources du serveur !</p>
<p>Un peu d&#8217;infos : <span class="mh-hyperlinked"><a href='http://mailhide.recaptcha.net/d?k=01PizCAN2Wu6m50aCLO4zZnQ==&c=W9aTM69cWv_7Jw2sXDqoXw6FtslDRS9CSeReZZz0ygJN8_hvV3_SZgXmreHWyNNj7X-77JYvFihug4mup_K2BboPxQ2iYl5ONcwwCIQL7Y3lXvtEolpTtgcCxWT_19lE4fyWQBiKmzmpE3FHjIFKKkBRHUGon7DZQDl7FwfzSGA=' onclick="window.open('http://mailhide.recaptcha.net/d?k=01PizCAN2Wu6m50aCLO4zZnQ==&amp;c=W9aTM69cWv_7Jw2sXDqoXw6FtslDRS9CSeReZZz0ygJN8_hvV3_SZgXmreHWyNNj7X-77JYvFihug4mup_K2BboPxQ2iYl5ONcwwCIQL7Y3lXvtEolpTtgcCxWT_19lE4fyWQBiKmzmpE3FHjIFKKkBRHUGon7DZQDl7FwfzSGA=', '', 'toolbar=0,scrollbars=0,location=0,statusbar=0,menubar=0,resizable=0,width=500,height=300'); return false;">apache.org</a></span></p>
<p>Une solution a vite été trouvée :<strong> compter le nombre d&#8217;arguments de Range et refuser s&#8217;il y en a plus que 5</strong> !</p>
<p>En association avec fail2ban, il est possible de bannir dans iptables l&#8217;ip source !</p>
<p>Comment faire :</p>
<p>Comment faire (Sous Ubuntu Server 10.04):</p>
<ul>
<li>Installer le package apache2-dev</li>
</ul>
<pre>sudo apt-get install apache2-dev</pre>
<ul>
<li>Télécharger les sources du module</li>
</ul>
<pre>wget <a href="http://people.apache.org/~dirkx/mod_rangecnt.c">http://people.apache.org/~dirkx/mod_rangecnt.c</a></pre>
<ul>
<li>Compiler le module et l&#8217;installer</li>
</ul>
<pre>sudo apxs2 -i -c -n mod_rangecnt.so mod_rangecnt.c</pre>
<ul>
<li>Créer le fichier /etc/apache2/mods-available/rangecnt.load avec dedans :</li>
</ul>
<pre><span style="font-family: Consolas, Monaco, 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; line-height: 18px; white-space: pre;">LoadModule rangecnt_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_rangecnt.so</span></pre>
<ul>
<li>Activer le module Apache2</li>
</ul>
<pre>cd /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/ &amp;&amp; sudo ln -s /etc/apache2/mods-available/rangecnt.load</pre>
<ul>
<li>Redémarrer Apache</li>
</ul>
<pre>sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart</pre>
<p>Ensuite créer la règle fail2ban (si vous avez déja une install de fail2ban !) :</p>
<ul>
<li>Ajouter le fichier /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/apache-range.conf avec dedans :</li>
</ul>
<pre>[Definition]
failregex = [[]client &lt;HOST&gt;[]] (Rejected on a Range: header with more than 5 ranges)
ignoreregex =</pre>
<ul>
<li>Editez /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf et ajoutez :</li>
</ul>
<pre>[apache-range]
enabled = true
port = http,https
filter = apache-range
logpath = /var/log/apache<em>/*error</em>.log
maxretry = 10</pre>
<ul>
<li>Relancez votre fail2ban</li>
</ul>
<pre>sudo /etc/init.d/fail2ban restart</pre>
<p>Utilisez le script contre votre serveur, vous devriez voir des lignes :</p>
<blockquote><p>/var/log/apache2/error.log:[Thu Aug 25 17:20:51 2011] [warn] [client xx.xx.xx.xx] Rejected on a Range: header with more than 5 ranges (has 1300)</p></blockquote>
<p>Dans votre log apache puis dans votre log Fail2ban :</p>
<blockquote><p>2011-08-25 17:26:33,814 fail2ban.actions: WARNING [apache-range] Ban xx.xx.xx.xx</p></blockquote>
<p><strong>Victoire</strong> !</p>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Conférence &#171;&#160;Rechercher sur Internet &#8211; trucs et astuces&#160;&#187;</title>
		<link>http://www.na-prod.com/2011/04/02/conference-fete-internet-antibes/#utm_source=feed&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=feed</link>
		<comments>http://www.na-prod.com/2011/04/02/conference-fete-internet-antibes/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 02 Apr 2011 15:35:47 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Neil Armstrong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Technique]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[astuce]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[chrome]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fête]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[firefox]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[google]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[internet]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mozilla]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[opera]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[rechercher]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[safari]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[truc]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[yahoo]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.na-prod.com/?p=114</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Lors de la fête de l&#8217;internet 2011, j&#8217;ai fait une conférence sur le thème : Rechercher sur Internet, les trucs et astuces Le programme de la journée : http://www.fete-internet-antibes.fr/content/je-suis-un-particulier Avec la collaboration de Linux Azur, le journée était placée sous le thème du &#171;&#160;Libre en Fêtes&#160;&#187; Je vous laisse regarder la présentation sur Slideshare : [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Lors de la fête de l&#8217;internet 2011, j&#8217;ai fait une conférence sur le thème : Rechercher sur Internet, les trucs et astuces</p>
<p>Le programme de la journée : <a href="http://www.fete-internet-antibes.fr/content/je-suis-un-particulier" target="_blank">http://www.fete-internet-antibes.fr/content/je-suis-un-particulier</a></p>
<p>Avec la collaboration de Linux Azur, le journée était placée sous le thème du &laquo;&nbsp;Libre en Fêtes&nbsp;&raquo;</p>
<p>Je vous laisse regarder la présentation sur Slideshare :</p>
<div id="__ss_7492341" style="width: 425px;"><object id="__sse7492341" classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" width="425" height="355" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /><param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always" /><param name="src" value="http://static.slidesharecdn.com/swf/ssplayer2.swf?doc=feteinternet2011-110402102708-phpapp02&amp;stripped_title=fte-de-linternet-dantibes-2011-recherche-sur-internet&amp;userName=superna" /><param name="name" value="__sse7492341" /><param name="allowfullscreen" value="true" /><embed id="__sse7492341" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="425" height="355" src="http://static.slidesharecdn.com/swf/ssplayer2.swf?doc=feteinternet2011-110402102708-phpapp02&amp;stripped_title=fte-de-linternet-dantibes-2011-recherche-sur-internet&amp;userName=superna" name="__sse7492341" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true"></embed></object></p>
<div style="padding: 5px 0 12px;">View more <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/">presentations</a> from <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/superna">Neil Armstrong</a>.</div>
</div>
<div style="padding: 5px 0 12px;">ou télécharger le PDF : <a href="http://www.na-prod.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/fete_internet_antibes_2011_recherche_internet.pdf#utm_source=feed&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=feed">Fete internet antibes 2011 &#8211; Recherche sur Internet</a></div>
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		<item>
		<title>(English) Thunderbolt Parody : What if Apple invented the ISA Port?</title>
		<link>http://www.na-prod.com/2011/02/25/english-thunderbolt-parody-what-if-apple-invented-the-isa-port/#utm_source=feed&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=feed</link>
		<comments>http://www.na-prod.com/2011/02/25/english-thunderbolt-parody-what-if-apple-invented-the-isa-port/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 25 Feb 2011 09:20:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Neil Armstrong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Délire]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[apple]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[intel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[isa]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[parody]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[thunderbolt]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.na-prod.com/?p=108</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Une parodie de la page du Thunderbolt d'Apple !

Et si Apple avait inventé le Port ISA ?

=> http://na-prod.com/ISA_Port/]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Une parodie de la page du Thunderbolt d&#8217;Apple !</p>
<p>Et si Apple avait inventé le Port ISA ?</p>
<p>=&gt; <a title="na-prod.com/ISA_Port/" href="http://na-prod.com/ISA_Port/">na-prod.com/ISA_Port/</a></p>
<p>Page Originale : <a href="http://www.apple.com/thunderbolt/">http://www.apple.com/thunderbolt/</a></p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<item>
		<title>Na-Prod.com tourne sous WordPress !</title>
		<link>http://www.na-prod.com/2010/12/07/na-prod-com-running-wordpress/#utm_source=feed&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=feed</link>
		<comments>http://www.na-prod.com/2010/12/07/na-prod-com-running-wordpress/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 07 Dec 2010 16:43:25 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Neil Armstrong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Divers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[drupal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[switch]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[wordpress]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.na-prod.com/?p=95</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Na-Prod.com a abandonné Drupal pour une plateforme de publication bien plus simple ! Bienvenue sur WordPress ! Le précédent site sous Drupal a été déplacé vers http://legacy2.na-prod.com et le trés vieux site reste sur http://legacy.na-prod.com]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Na-Prod.com a abandonné Drupal pour une plateforme de publication bien plus simple !</p>
<p>Bienvenue sur WordPress !</p>
<p>Le précédent site sous Drupal a été déplacé vers <a href="http://legacy2.na-prod.com" target="_blank">http://legacy2.na-prod.com</a> et le trés vieux site reste sur <a href="http://legacy.na-prod.com" target="_blank">http://legacy.na-prod.com</a></p>
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		<item>
		<title>Userpace I/O et le noyau Linux</title>
		<link>http://www.na-prod.com/2010/06/15/uio-linux/#utm_source=feed&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=feed</link>
		<comments>http://www.na-prod.com/2010/06/15/uio-linux/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 15 Jun 2010 07:08:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Neil Armstrong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Technique]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[embedded]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[kernel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[uio]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[unix]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://naprod.starnux.eu.org/?p=33</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Depuis peu, des développeurs du Kernel ont intégré un système simplifié pour la création de pilotes en mode Utilisateur. Les pilotes matériels sont en grand majorité (sauf exections comme l&#8217;USB et ceux sur Ports série ou parallelle) inclus dans le noyau et s&#8217;exécutent avec des droits privilégiés en terme d&#8217;accés mémoire et d&#8217;instructions autorisées (Ring0 [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Depuis peu, des développeurs du Kernel ont intégré un système simplifié pour la création de pilotes en mode Utilisateur.</p>
<p>Les pilotes matériels sont en grand majorité (sauf exections comme l&#8217;USB et ceux sur Ports série ou parallelle) inclus dans le noyau et s&#8217;exécutent avec des droits privilégiés en terme d&#8217;accés mémoire et d&#8217;instructions autorisées (Ring0 sur les intel-like et mode superviseur sur ARM).<br />
Mes ce code doit être absolument distribué sous une license similaire au code du noyau, ce qui limite le développement de pilotes trés spécifiques pour l&#8217;embarqué par exemple.</p>
<p>Le domaine de l&#8217;embarqué nécessite d&#8217;avoir une meilleure flexibilité dans le dévelopement des pilotes, ceci car les blocs matériels sont trés souvent trés spécifiques et ne respectent jamais des normes ou conventions que l&#8217;on trouve dans des plateformes grand public.</p>
<p>Le système se compose d&#8217;un micro pilote noyau trés simple qui réponds à une interruption et indique les zones de mémoire physique (zone IO, mémoire vive non utilisée, &#8230;) à remapper dans la zone de mémoire virtuelle associée au contexte de l&#8217;application en mode utilisateur.<br />
Un exemple de code pour un pilote de plateforme embarquée :</p>

<div class="wp_syntax"><div class="code"><pre class="c" style="font-family:monospace;"><span style="color: #808080; font-style: italic;">/*
 * Copyright (C) Na-Prod.com 2008
 *
 * Mon pilote UIO simple
 *
 */</span>
<span style="color: #339933;">#include</span>
&nbsp;
<span style="color: #339933;">#include</span>
&nbsp;
<span style="color: #339933;">#include</span>
&nbsp;
<span style="color: #339933;">#include</span>
&nbsp;
<span style="color: #339933;">#include</span>
&nbsp;
<span style="color: #339933;">#include</span>
&nbsp;
<span style="color: #339933;">#include</span>
&nbsp;
<span style="color: #339933;">#include</span>
&nbsp;
<span style="color: #808080; font-style: italic;">/*
 * Interrupt Handler
 */</span>
<span style="color: #993333;">static</span> irqreturn_t myuio_irq<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span><span style="color: #993333;">int</span> irq<span style="color: #339933;">,</span> <span style="color: #993333;">struct</span> uio_info <span style="color: #339933;">*</span>dev_info<span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span>
<span style="color: #009900;">&#123;</span>
    <span style="color: #666666; font-style: italic;">// write values to registers, ack irq, ...</span>
    <span style="color: #b1b100;">return</span> IRQ_HANDLED<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
<span style="color: #009900;">&#125;</span>
<span style="color: #993333;">static</span> <span style="color: #993333;">int</span> myuio_probe<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span><span style="color: #993333;">struct</span> platform_device <span style="color: #339933;">*</span>pdev<span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span>
<span style="color: #009900;">&#123;</span>
    <span style="color: #993333;">struct</span> resource <span style="color: #339933;">*</span>res<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
    <span style="color: #993333;">struct</span> uio_info <span style="color: #339933;">*</span>info<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
     info <span style="color: #339933;">=</span> kzalloc<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span><span style="color: #993333;">sizeof</span><span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span><span style="color: #993333;">struct</span> uio_info<span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span><span style="color: #339933;">,</span> GFP_KERNEL<span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
     <span style="color: #b1b100;">if</span> <span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span><span style="color: #339933;">!</span>info<span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span>
         <span style="color: #b1b100;">return</span> <span style="color: #339933;">-</span>ENOMEM<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
     res <span style="color: #339933;">=</span> platform_get_resource<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span>pdev<span style="color: #339933;">,</span> IORESOURCE_IRQ<span style="color: #339933;">,</span> <span style="color: #0000dd;">0</span><span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
     <span style="color: #b1b100;">if</span> <span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span><span style="color: #339933;">!</span>res<span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span>
         <span style="color: #b1b100;">return</span> <span style="color: #339933;">-</span>ENODEV<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
     info<span style="color: #339933;">-&amp;</span>gt<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>irq <span style="color: #339933;">=</span> res<span style="color: #339933;">-&amp;</span>gt<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>start<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
     info<span style="color: #339933;">-&amp;</span>gt<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>irq_flags <span style="color: #339933;">=</span> <span style="color: #0000dd;">0</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
     info<span style="color: #339933;">-&amp;</span>gt<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>handler <span style="color: #339933;">=</span> myuio_irq<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
     res <span style="color: #339933;">=</span> platform_get_resource<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span>pdev<span style="color: #339933;">,</span> IORESOURCE_MEM<span style="color: #339933;">,</span> <span style="color: #0000dd;">0</span><span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
     <span style="color: #b1b100;">if</span> <span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span><span style="color: #339933;">!</span>res<span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span>
         <span style="color: #b1b100;">return</span> <span style="color: #339933;">-</span>ENODEV<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
     info<span style="color: #339933;">-&amp;</span>gt<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>mem<span style="color: #009900;">&#91;</span><span style="color: #0000dd;">0</span><span style="color: #009900;">&#93;</span>.<span style="color: #202020;">addr</span> <span style="color: #339933;">=</span> res<span style="color: #339933;">-&amp;</span>gt<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>start<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
     info<span style="color: #339933;">-&amp;</span>gt<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>mem<span style="color: #009900;">&#91;</span><span style="color: #0000dd;">0</span><span style="color: #009900;">&#93;</span>.<span style="color: #202020;">size</span> <span style="color: #339933;">=</span> res<span style="color: #339933;">-&amp;</span>gt<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>end <span style="color: #339933;">-</span> res<span style="color: #339933;">-&amp;</span>gt<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>start<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
     info<span style="color: #339933;">-&amp;</span>gt<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>mem<span style="color: #009900;">&#91;</span><span style="color: #0000dd;">0</span><span style="color: #009900;">&#93;</span>.<span style="color: #202020;">memtype</span> <span style="color: #339933;">=</span> UIO_MEM_PHYS<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
     info<span style="color: #339933;">-&amp;</span>gt<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>name <span style="color: #339933;">=</span> <span style="color: #ff0000;">&quot;myuio&quot;</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
     info<span style="color: #339933;">-&amp;</span>gt<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>version <span style="color: #339933;">=</span> <span style="color: #ff0000;">&quot;0.0.1&quot;</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
     platform_set_drvdata<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span>pdev<span style="color: #339933;">,</span> info<span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
     <span style="color: #b1b100;">if</span><span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span>uio_register_device<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span><span style="color: #339933;">&amp;</span>amp<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>pdev<span style="color: #339933;">-&amp;</span>gt<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>dev<span style="color: #339933;">,</span> info<span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span><span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span><span style="color: #009900;">&#123;</span>
         printk<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span>KERN_ERR <span style="color: #ff0000;">&quot;myuio Unable to register UIO device<span style="color: #000099; font-weight: bold;">\n</span>&quot;</span><span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
         <span style="color: #b1b100;">return</span> <span style="color: #339933;">-</span>ENOMEM<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
     <span style="color: #009900;">&#125;</span>
     printk<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span>KERN_ALERT <span style="color: #ff0000;">&quot;myuio device loaded<span style="color: #000099; font-weight: bold;">\n</span>&quot;</span><span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
     <span style="color: #b1b100;">return</span> <span style="color: #0000dd;">0</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
<span style="color: #009900;">&#125;</span>
<span style="color: #993333;">static</span> <span style="color: #993333;">int</span> myuio_remove<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span><span style="color: #993333;">struct</span> platform_device <span style="color: #339933;">*</span>pdev<span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span>
<span style="color: #009900;">&#123;</span>
    printk<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span>KERN_ALERT <span style="color: #ff0000;">&quot;myuio: device unloaded<span style="color: #000099; font-weight: bold;">\n</span>&quot;</span><span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
    platform_set_drvdata<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span>pdev<span style="color: #339933;">,</span> NULL<span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
    <span style="color: #b1b100;">return</span> <span style="color: #0000dd;">0</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
<span style="color: #009900;">&#125;</span>
<span style="color: #993333;">static</span> <span style="color: #993333;">struct</span> platform_driver myuio_platform_driver <span style="color: #339933;">=</span> <span style="color: #009900;">&#123;</span>
    .<span style="color: #202020;">probe</span> <span style="color: #339933;">=</span> myuio_probe<span style="color: #339933;">,</span>
    .<span style="color: #202020;">remove</span> <span style="color: #339933;">=</span> myuio_remove<span style="color: #339933;">,</span>
    .<span style="color: #202020;">driver</span> <span style="color: #339933;">=</span> <span style="color: #009900;">&#123;</span>
        .<span style="color: #202020;">owner</span> <span style="color: #339933;">=</span> THIS_MODULE<span style="color: #339933;">,</span>
        .<span style="color: #202020;">name</span> <span style="color: #339933;">=</span> <span style="color: #ff0000;">&quot;myuio&quot;</span><span style="color: #339933;">,</span>
    <span style="color: #009900;">&#125;</span><span style="color: #339933;">,</span>
<span style="color: #009900;">&#125;</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
<span style="color: #993333;">static</span> <span style="color: #993333;">int</span> __init myuio_init<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span><span style="color: #993333;">void</span><span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span>
<span style="color: #009900;">&#123;</span>
     <span style="color: #993333;">int</span> ret<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
     ret <span style="color: #339933;">=</span> platform_driver_register<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span><span style="color: #339933;">&amp;</span>amp<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>myuio_platform_driver<span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
     <span style="color: #b1b100;">if</span><span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span><span style="color: #339933;">!</span>ret<span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span>
         printk<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span>KERN_ALERT <span style="color: #ff0000;">&quot;myuio: uio driver loaded<span style="color: #000099; font-weight: bold;">\n</span>&quot;</span><span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
     <span style="color: #b1b100;">return</span> ret<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
<span style="color: #009900;">&#125;</span>
<span style="color: #993333;">static</span> <span style="color: #993333;">void</span> __exit myuio_exit<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span><span style="color: #993333;">void</span><span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span>
<span style="color: #009900;">&#123;</span>
    platform_driver_unregister<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span><span style="color: #339933;">&amp;</span>amp<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>myuio_platform_driver<span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
    printk<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span>KERN_ALERT <span style="color: #ff0000;">&quot;myuio: uio driver unloaded<span style="color: #000099; font-weight: bold;">\n</span>&quot;</span><span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
<span style="color: #009900;">&#125;</span>
module_init<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span>myuio_init<span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
module_exit<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span>myuio_exit<span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
MODULE_LICENSE<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span><span style="color: #ff0000;">&quot;GPL&quot;</span><span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
MODULE_AUTHOR<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span><span style="color: #ff0000;">&quot;Neil Armstrong &quot;</span><span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
MODULE_DESCRIPTION<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span><span style="color: #ff0000;">&quot;MyUIO Driver&quot;</span><span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span></pre></div></div>

<p>Le modèle de l&#8217;application en mode utilisateur utilise les commandes open/read/mmap/close POSIX pour effectuer les opérations de : ouverture du périphérique, attente d&#8217;une interruption avec read, mappage de la mémoire IO avec mmp et fermeture du périphérique.</p>
<p>L&#8217;exemple le plus classique est :</p>

<div class="wp_syntax"><div class="code"><pre class="c" style="font-family:monospace;">uint8_t <span style="color: #339933;">*</span> iomem<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
uint32_t pending<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
<span style="color: #993333;">int</span> fd <span style="color: #339933;">=</span> open<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span><span style="color: #ff0000;">&quot;/dev/uio0&quot;</span><span style="color: #339933;">,</span> O_RDONLY<span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
iomem <span style="color: #339933;">=</span> mmap<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span><span style="color: #0000dd;">0</span><span style="color: #339933;">,</span> IO_SIZE<span style="color: #339933;">,</span> PROT_READ<span style="color: #339933;">|</span>PROT_WRITE<span style="color: #339933;">,</span> MAP_SHARED<span style="color: #339933;">,</span> fd<span style="color: #339933;">,</span> <span style="color: #0000dd;">0</span><span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
<span style="color: #b1b100;">while</span><span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span><span style="color: #0000dd;">1</span><span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span> <span style="color: #009900;">&#123;</span>
    read<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span>fd<span style="color: #339933;">,</span> <span style="color: #339933;">&amp;</span>amp<span style="color: #339933;">;</span>pending<span style="color: #339933;">,</span> <span style="color: #993333;">sizeof</span><span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span>pending<span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span><span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
    <span style="color: #666666; font-style: italic;">// Write to some registers....</span>
    iomem<span style="color: #009900;">&#91;</span>MY_REG0<span style="color: #009900;">&#93;</span> <span style="color: #339933;">=</span> <span style="color: #208080;">0xFF</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span>
<span style="color: #009900;">&#125;</span>
close<span style="color: #009900;">&#40;</span>fd<span style="color: #009900;">&#41;</span><span style="color: #339933;">;</span> <span style="color: #666666; font-style: italic;">//memory is automatically unmapped</span></pre></div></div>

<p>Les principaux avantages sont :</p>
<ul>
<li>Pas de distribution de code qui sont spécifiques à une plateforme particulière</li>
<li>Pas de &laquo;&nbsp;overhead&nbsp;&raquo; de copie mémoire entre l&#8217;application et le pilote, on peut écrire directement dans les buffers mémoire par exemple</li>
<li>le code est trés simple, portable et utilise des commandes POSIX</li>
</ul>
<p>Les desavantages sont :</p>
<ul>
<li>Peut être utilisé à tort pour distribuer des pilotes sans sources sur PC par exemple</li>
<li>Pas de possibilité de faire des pilotes réseau ou block (bien que non nécessaire)</li>
<li>Temps de latence bien plus élevés</li>
</ul>
<p>Enfin, voila une bonne nouvelle pour le monde de l&#8217;embarqué !</p>
<p>Des liens !</p>
<ul>
<li>Article sur LWN : <a title="http://lwn.net/Articles/232575/" href="http://lwn.net/Articles/232575/">http://lwn.net/Articles/232575/</a></li>
<li>Présentation de l&#8217;Embedded Linux Conference : <a title="http://www.celinux.org/elc08_presentations/uio080417celfelc08.pdf" href="http://www.celinux.org/elc08_presentations/uio080417celfelc08.pdf">http://www.celinux.org/elc08_presentations/uio080417celfelc08.pdf</a></li>
<li>Documentation : <a title="http://www.kernel.org/doc/htmldocs/uio-howto/index.html" href="http://www.kernel.org/doc/htmldocs/uio-howto/index.html">http://www.kernel.org/doc/htmldocs/uio-howto/index.html</a></li>
<li>Exemple de code utilisateur UIO : <a title="http://www.osadl.org/projects/downloads/UIO/user/" href="http://www.osadl.org/projects/downloads/UIO/user/">http://www.osadl.org/projects/downloads/UIO/user/</a></li>
<li>Cours Free-Electrons: <a title="http://free-electrons.com/doc/embedded_linux_kernel_and_drivers/img47.html" href="http://free-electrons.com/doc/embedded_linux_kernel_and_drivers/img47.html">http://free-electrons.com/doc/embedded_linux_kernel_and_drivers/img47.ht&#8230;</a> et <a title="http://free-electrons.com/doc/embedded_linux_kernel_and_drivers/img48.html" href="http://free-electrons.com/doc/embedded_linux_kernel_and_drivers/img48.html">http://free-electrons.com/doc/embedded_linux_kernel_and_drivers/img48.ht&#8230;</a></li>
</ul>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>(English) Asterisk/mISDN with Debian Lenny 5.0</title>
		<link>http://www.na-prod.com/2009/02/23/asterisk-misdn-debian-lenny/#utm_source=feed&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=feed</link>
		<comments>http://www.na-prod.com/2009/02/23/asterisk-misdn-debian-lenny/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 23 Feb 2009 07:05:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Neil Armstrong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Technique]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[asterisk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[debian]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[france]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[installation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[misdn]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[RNIS]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://naprod.starnux.eu.org/?p=31</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[With the Release of Debian Lenny, here are some instructions to use mISDN with Asterisk 1.4 released with this distribution.

Here is a great guide to install every S0/T0 card with Asterisk :
http://www.beronet.com/downloads/card_installation_guide.pdf

Install Debian 5.0 Lenny by Net Install : http://www.debian.org/distrib/netinst]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Désolé, cet article est seulement disponible en <a href="http://www.na-prod.com/en/feed/#utm_source=feed&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=feed">English</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Conférence IPv6</title>
		<link>http://www.na-prod.com/2008/07/02/conference-ipv6/#utm_source=feed&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=feed</link>
		<comments>http://www.na-prod.com/2008/07/02/conference-ipv6/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 02 Jul 2008 18:55:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Neil Armstrong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Technique]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[internet]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ipv4]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ipv6]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[protocol]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://beta.na-prod.com/?p=62</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Pour les Intellicore Tech Talks 13, j’ai effectué une conférence sur le thème du protocole IPv6, un second souffle pour l&#8217;internet. Aujourd’hui, l’internet va bientôt atteindre les limites d’une technologie prévue à l’origine pour connecter quelques machines. Depuis 1993, un groupe travaille aﬁn de mettre en place une nouvelle technologie ﬂexible et innovante pour combler les [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignright size-full wp-image-63" title="IPv6" src="http://beta.na-prod.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/ipv6-300x192.png" alt="" width="180" height="115" /></p>
<address>Pour les Intellicore Tech Talks 13, j’ai effectué une conférence sur le thème du protocole IPv6, un second souffle pour l&#8217;internet.</address>
<p>Aujourd’hui, l’<strong>internet va bientôt atteindre les limites d’une technologie prévue à l’origine pour connecter quelques machines</strong>.<br />
Depuis 1993, un groupe travaille aﬁn de mettre en place une <strong>nouvelle technologie ﬂexible et innovante pour combler les failles</strong> <strong>et les défauts d’IPv4</strong>, le protocole réseau le plus utilisé aujourd’hui.</p>
<ul>
<li>Les <strong>faiblesses d’IPv4</strong></li>
<li>Les <strong>évolutions proposées par IPv6</strong></li>
<li>La <strong>nécessité du changement</strong></li>
<li>Qui <strong>propose IPv6 et comment</strong></li>
</ul>
<h2>Vidéo (Dailymotion)<br />
<object classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" width="320" height="240" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /><param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always" /><param name="src" value="http://www.dailymotion.com/swf/video/x5za2p?background=%23171D1B&amp;foreground=%23F7FFFD&amp;highlight=%23FFC300&amp;autoPlay=1&amp;hideInfos=1&amp;width=320&amp;additionalInfos=1&amp;colors=background%3A171D1B%3Bforeground%3AF7FFFD%3Bspecial%3AFFC300%3B" /><param name="allowfullscreen" value="true" /><embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="320" height="240" src="http://www.dailymotion.com/swf/video/x5za2p?background=%23171D1B&amp;foreground=%23F7FFFD&amp;highlight=%23FFC300&amp;autoPlay=1&amp;hideInfos=1&amp;width=320&amp;additionalInfos=1&amp;colors=background%3A171D1B%3Bforeground%3AF7FFFD%3Bspecial%3AFFC300%3B" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true"></embed></object></h2>
<h2>Slideshare</h2>
<div id="__ss_4519345" style="width: 425px;"><strong><a title=" IPv6, un second souffle pour l’internet" href="http://www.slideshare.net/superna/ipv6-un-second-souffle-pour-linternet"> IPv6, un second souffle pour l’internet</a></strong><object id="__sse4519345" classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" width="425" height="355" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /><param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always" /><param name="src" value="http://static.slidesharecdn.com/swf/ssplayer2.swf?doc=itt13-100616140204-phpapp02&amp;stripped_title=ipv6-un-second-souffle-pour-linternet" /><param name="name" value="__sse4519345" /><param name="allowfullscreen" value="true" /><embed id="__sse4519345" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="425" height="355" src="http://static.slidesharecdn.com/swf/ssplayer2.swf?doc=itt13-100616140204-phpapp02&amp;stripped_title=ipv6-un-second-souffle-pour-linternet" name="__sse4519345" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true"></embed></object></p>
<div style="padding: 5px 0 12px;">View more <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/">presentations</a> from <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/superna">Neil Armstrong</a>.</div>
<h2>Slides</h2>
<div style="padding: 5px 0 12px;">
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.slideshare.net/superna/ipv6-un-second-souffle-pour-linternet/download" target="_blank">Télécharger en PDF</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
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		<item>
		<title>Conférence Apache Web Server Internals</title>
		<link>http://www.na-prod.com/2008/06/11/conference-apache-server-internals/#utm_source=feed&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=feed</link>
		<comments>http://www.na-prod.com/2008/06/11/conference-apache-server-internals/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 11 Jun 2008 18:41:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Neil Armstrong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Technique]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[apache]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[conference]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[intellicore]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[internals]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[server]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://beta.na-prod.com/?p=51</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Pour les Intellicore Tech Talks 10, j&#8217;ai effectué une conférence sur le thème du Serveur Apache Le Serveur Web Apache est devenu le logiciel le plus utilisé au monde pour servir les pages internet et intranet. Son utilisation très variée, du petit site familial au site d’entreprise avec systèmes de balance de charge et architecture [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.apache.org" target="_blank"><img class="alignright size-full wp-image-52" title="Apache Logo" src="http://beta.na-prod.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/apache_logo.png" alt="" width="144" height="40" /></a></p>
<address>Pour les Intellicore Tech Talks 10, j&#8217;ai effectué une conférence sur le thème du Serveur Apache</address>
<p>Le Serveur Web Apache est devenu le logiciel le plus utilisé au monde pour servir les pages internet et intranet. Son utilisation très variée, du petit site familial au site d’entreprise avec systèmes de balance de charge et architecture objet, fait que sa structure est peu connue ainsi que ses différentes configurations.</p>
<p>Je vous laisse le choix : Vidéo ou Slideshare !</p>
<h2>Vidéo (Dailymotion)</h2>
<p><object classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" width="320" height="240" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /><param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always" /><param name="src" value="http://www.dailymotion.com/swf/video/x5qbyo?width=320&amp;theme=default&amp;foreground=%23F7FFFD&amp;highlight=%23FFC300&amp;background=%23171D1B&amp;additionalInfos=1&amp;hideInfos=1&amp;autoPlay=1&amp;start=&amp;colors=background%3A171D1B%3Bforeground%3AF7FFFD%3Bspecial%3AFFC300%3B" /><param name="allowfullscreen" value="true" /><embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="320" height="240" src="http://www.dailymotion.com/swf/video/x5qbyo?width=320&amp;theme=default&amp;foreground=%23F7FFFD&amp;highlight=%23FFC300&amp;background=%23171D1B&amp;additionalInfos=1&amp;hideInfos=1&amp;autoPlay=1&amp;start=&amp;colors=background%3A171D1B%3Bforeground%3AF7FFFD%3Bspecial%3AFFC300%3B" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true"></embed></object></p>
<h2>Slideshare</h2>
<div id="__ss_460490" style="width: 425px;"><strong><a title="Intellicore Tech Talk 10 - Apache Web Server Internals" href="http://www.slideshare.net/superna/intellicore-tech-talk-10-apache-web-server-internals">Intellicore Tech Talk 10 &#8211; Apache Web Server Internals</a></strong><object id="__sse460490" classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" width="425" height="355" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /><param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always" /><param name="src" value="http://static.slidesharecdn.com/swf/ssplayer2.swf?doc=slidesitt10-1213177219278750-9&amp;stripped_title=intellicore-tech-talk-10-apache-web-server-internals" /><param name="name" value="__sse460490" /><param name="allowfullscreen" value="true" /><embed id="__sse460490" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="425" height="355" src="http://static.slidesharecdn.com/swf/ssplayer2.swf?doc=slidesitt10-1213177219278750-9&amp;stripped_title=intellicore-tech-talk-10-apache-web-server-internals" name="__sse460490" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true"></embed></object></p>
<div style="padding: 5px 0 12px;">View more <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/">presentations</a> from <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/superna">Neil Armstrong</a>.</div>
<h2>Slides</h2>
<div style="padding: 5px 0 12px;">
<ul>
<li><a href="http://beta.na-prod.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/itt-apache-tiny.pdf">Apache Internals Slides</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
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		<item>
		<title>Conférence de Richard Stallman à Sophia Antipolis</title>
		<link>http://www.na-prod.com/2008/05/13/richard-stallman-sophia-antipolis/#utm_source=feed&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=feed</link>
		<comments>http://www.na-prod.com/2008/05/13/richard-stallman-sophia-antipolis/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 13 May 2008 07:10:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Neil Armstrong</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Divers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sophia antipolis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[stallman]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[unix]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://naprod.starnux.eu.org/?p=35</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[﻿﻿﻿﻿﻿Le Lundi 5 Mai 2008, le célèbre développeur Open-Source Richard Stallman fondateur de la Free Software Foundation est venu faire une conférence à l&#8217;école d&#8217;ingénieur polytechnique de l&#8217;université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis : Polytech&#8217;Nice-Sophia. Le thème de la conférence était : Ethique et pratique du logiciel libre. Vous trouverez dans les liens suivants des compte-rendus et vidéos de [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>﻿﻿﻿﻿﻿Le Lundi 5 Mai 2008, le célèbre développeur Open-Source Richard Stallman fondateur de la <a title="Free Software Foundation" href="http://www.fsf.org">Free Software Foundation</a> est venu faire une conférence à l&#8217;école d&#8217;ingénieur polytechnique de l&#8217;université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis : <a title="Polytech'Nice-Sophia" href="http://www.polytech.unice.fr">Polytech&#8217;Nice-Sophia</a>.</p>
<p>Le thème de la conférence était : Ethique et pratique du logiciel libre.</p>
<p>Vous trouverez dans les liens suivants des compte-rendus et vidéos de la conférence !</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-86" title="Founes &amp; Stallman !" src="http://beta.na-prod.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/05/dsc00369.jpg" alt="" width="448" height="336" /></p>
<p>Liens :</p>
<ul>
<li><a title="Blog de Camille Roux" href="http://www.camilleroux.com/2008/05/06/richard-stallman-logiciel-libre/">Blog de Camille Roux : http://www.camilleroux.com/2008/05/06/richard-stallman-logiciel-libre/</a></li>
<li><a title="Page de la conférence de Richard Stallman" href="http://jm2l.polytech.unice.fr/rms2008/">Page de la Conférence : http://jm2l.polytech.unice.fr/rms2008/</a></li>
</ul>
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